Human stages of development - By Diogo Teixeira

Human development is a predictable process that moves through the stages of infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood.

In this post, we are going to look at erik erikson's stages of psychosocial development, as there can be some different theories about this topic.

These are the human stages of development according to Erik Erikson:

1. Trust vs. Mistrust (0-1 years): Hope

Uncertain about the world.

Child is dependent, he has to trust.

Maturity occurs if the child has consistent love and support, and if so, the child will learn to trust the world.

2. Autonomy vs. Shame (1-3 years): Will

Becoming mobile. 

If highly criticized or ridiculed, the child develops shame and self-doubt.

Independence fostered by support and encouragement.

3. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 years): Purpose

Child is aware of sexual difference.

Communication with others at school.

If curiosity is repressed, the child might develop guilt and diminish their capacity to explore new ways, new worlds, new knowledge.

4. Industry/Diligence vs. Inferiority (5-12 years): Competency

Opening to others.

If too criticized or not stimulated, might feel inferior and it will not thrive.

5. Identity vs. Role Confusion (12-18 years): Fidelity

Uncomfortable with own body

Exploration of different paths to attain a healthy identity.

6. Intimacy vs. Isolation (18-40): Love

Professional relations.

Love relations, intimacy.

Negatives: Isolation… difficulty in maintaining connections in others.

Form positive, close relationships with others.

7. Generativity vs. Stagnation (40-65): Care

Transmitting something positive to the next generation.

Success leads to feelings of usefulness and accomplishment

Negative: Stagnation

8. Integrity vs. Despair (65+): Wisdom

Sense of productivity, joy, value of life.

Negatives: Regrets, losses, frustration, anger, fear of death, sadness

Life review and retrospective evaluation of one’s past.

Bibliography


https://study.com/academy/lesson/human-development-stages-from-infancy-to-late-adulthood.html
https://www.simplypsychology.org/Erik-Erikson.html#trust